5 Effective Ways to Solve Seasonal Cash Flow Business Challenges

Ontario, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba all require an owner to pay a contractor's proper invoice within 28 days, or to dispute it in writing within 14 days. Once paid, a contractor has 7 days to pay its subcontractors. The provinces differ on holdback, lien deadlines and which projects are covered: Manitoba's holdback is 7.5% while the others hold back 10%, and Saskatchewan's lien period is still 40 days while the others allow 60.

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These rules are known as prompt payment legislation. They set a clock on construction payments that starts when a contractor delivers a proper invoice, and they give unpaid parties a fast dispute process called adjudication. Each province built its own version, so a contractor working across provincial lines faces different deadlines on each job.

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This guide compares the rules in each province, explains what they mean for a contractor's cash flow, and sets out what to do when a payment is late. It is general information, not legal advice. Check your contract and the current statute, or speak with a construction lawyer, before acting on a specific dispute.

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Prompt payment rules by province at a glance

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Ontario, Saskatchewan and Manitoba apply prompt payment to contracts entered into on or after the in-force date. Alberta also required contracts already in place to comply by August 29, 2024. Alberta's column covers private projects. Contracts with the Government of Alberta follow separate rules, explained below.

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Prompt payment in other jurisdictions

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What these rules mean for a contractor's cash flow

Prompt payment shortens the wait for most of a contractor's money, but it does not remove the wait. Three gaps remain even when every party follows the rules.

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The billing cycle. Proper invoices are usually issued monthly, and Alberta requires one at least every 31 days. Work done early in a billing period is not invoiced until the period ends, and the owner then has 28 days to pay. Materials bought on day one can go unpaid for close to two months.

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The holdback. On a $200,000 contract in Ontario, Alberta or Saskatchewan, the owner retains $20,000. In Manitoba the holdback on the same contract is $15,000. On most projects that money is released only after the lien period expires near completion. Ontario now requires annual release on all contracts, and Alberta requires annual or phased release on contracts over $10 million that run longer than a year.

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Payment down the chain. A subcontractor's 7-day clock starts when the contractor is paid. If the owner pays on day 28, the subcontractor may wait 35 days from the contractor's invoice. In Ontario, Saskatchewan and Manitoba, if the owner does not pay at all, the contractor must still pay its subcontractors by day 35 after it invoiced the owner, unless it gives them a notice of non-payment.

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Meanwhile payroll, equipment rentals and supplier accounts run on their own schedules, often weekly or within 30 days. A busy contractor can be profitable on every job and still be short of cash between invoices. Planning for that gap is part of bidding a job, not an afterthought.

Province-by-province details

Ontario

Ontario's Construction Act introduced prompt payment on October 1, 2019, for public, private and alternative financing and procurement contracts. Amendments in force since January 1, 2026, make an invoice proper unless the owner gives written notice of a deficiency within 7 days.

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The 2026 amendments also require holdback to be released every year. Within 14 days after each contract anniversary, the owner must publish a notice of annual holdback release, then pay the accrued holdback between 60 and 74 days after publication, provided no lien remains undischarged. For contracts entered into before January 1, 2026, annual release begins on the second anniversary after that date. Disputes go to adjudication through the Ontario Dispute Adjudication for Construction Contracts (ODACC), and parties can now also retain private adjudicators qualified by ODACC.

Alberta

Alberta's Prompt Payment and Construction Lien Act has applied to private projects since August 29, 2022. Alberta allows 90 days to register a lien for the supply of ready-mix concrete and for oil or gas well work, longer than the general 60. Late payments carry interest at the contract rate, or the rate in the Judgment Interest Regulation if the contract sets none.

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Contracts with the Government of Alberta entered into on or after April 1, 2025, follow a separate prompt payment process under the Public Works Act. The Crown must pay an undisputed proper invoice within 28 days. Contractors must pay subcontractors within 35 days of receiving the subcontractor's proper invoice, and subcontractors pay their own subcontractors within 42 days. Payment disputes can go to adjudication up to the Court of Justice's monetary limit, currently $200,000. Capital asset upkeep contracts and special scope contracts, where the contractor provides financing, are excluded.

Saskatchewan

Saskatchewan added prompt payment to The Builders' Lien Act on March 1, 2022, for contracts entered into on or after that date. The Act binds the Crown, with exclusions such as highway work, and mining and certain power contracts are exempt. Saskatchewan's lien period is 40 clear days after the triggering event, such as completion or abandonment, which makes it the shortest of the four provinces. Adjudication runs through the Saskatchewan Construction Dispute Resolution Office (SCDRO).

Manitoba

Manitoba's prompt payment rules took effect April 1, 2025, and apply only to contracts entered into on or after that date. The same amendments raised the lien period from 40 to 60 days. Manitoba's holdback is 7.5%, retained for at least 60 days after substantial performance or completion. The Act binds the Crown but excludes Manitoba Hydro contracts for generating stations and related plant, and work under contracts governed by The Infrastructure Contracts Disbursement Act, which include certain provincial highway contracts. Architects' and engineers' fees are also exempt from prompt payment.

What to do when a payment is late

The prompt payment process gives a contractor several remedies short of court. Work through them in parallel, because the lien deadline keeps running while you pursue the others.

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1. Confirm your invoice was proper. The 28-day clock only starts on a proper invoice, which must include the details the statute lists, such as the invoice date, the work period, the amount and payment terms. In Ontario, an owner who finds a deficiency must now say so within 7 days.
2. Check for a notice of non-payment. If the owner disputes the invoice, it must give written notice within 14 days stating the amount withheld and why. Any undisputed amount is still due within 28 days.
3. Track interest. Unpaid amounts accrue interest in all four provinces. Saskatchewan and Manitoba use the prejudgment rate, or the contract rate if higher. Alberta uses the contract rate, or the Judgment Interest Regulation rate if the contract sets none.
4. Start adjudication. For a disputed amount, a contractor can refer the dispute to the province's adjudication body. Adjudication is designed to resolve payment disputes faster than court, and the decision must be followed unless a court or arbitrator later decides otherwise.
5. Protect your lien rights. Register a lien within the provincial period (60 days in Ontario, Alberta and Manitoba; 40 clear days in Saskatchewan) or lose the right. Ontario extends the lien period in some cases where adjudication has started, but get legal advice before relying on an extension.

Covering costs while you wait to be paid

Prompt payment sets a deadline, but contractors still carry materials, payroll and holdback for weeks on every project. Before bidding, map when each invoice will be paid and when each major cost falls due. Negotiate deposits or mobilization payments where you can, and invoice on the first day the contract allows.

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When the gap is still too wide, working capital can bridge it. A merchant cash advance from 2M7 Financial Solutions provides funding based on a business's revenue, with no collateral required, and repayment can be set as a percentage of sales. 

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See how contractors use it on the construction funding page or see what options fit your project schedule.

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Frequently asked questions

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How long does an owner have to pay a contractor in Ontario?

An Ontario owner must pay a contractor's proper invoice within 28 days of receiving it, unless it gives a notice of non-payment within 14 days. Undisputed amounts are still due within 28 days.

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Does Alberta have prompt payment legislation?

Yes. Alberta's Prompt Payment and Construction Lien Act has applied to private projects since August 29, 2022, and owners have 28 calendar days to pay a proper invoice. Contracts with the Government of Alberta entered into on or after April 1, 2025, follow a separate prompt payment process under the Public Works Act.

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Does British Columbia have prompt payment legislation?

BC's Construction Prompt Payment Act received royal assent on November 27, 2025, but is not yet in force. Once in force, owners will have 28 days to pay a proper invoice.

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What is the holdback percentage in each province?

The holdback is 10% in Ontario, Alberta and Saskatchewan, and 7.5% in Manitoba.

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How long do I have to register a construction lien?

The lien period is 60 days in Ontario, Alberta and Manitoba, and 40 clear days in Saskatchewan. Alberta allows 90 days for the supply of ready-mix concrete and for oil or gas well work.

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How fast must a contractor pay its subcontractors?

In Ontario, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba, a contractor must pay its subcontractors within 7 days of receiving payment from the owner, unless it gives a notice of non-payment. In Ontario, Saskatchewan and Manitoba, a contractor that has not been paid must still pay its subcontractors by day 35 after invoicing the owner, unless it gives a notice of non-payment.

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What is construction adjudication?

Adjudication is a fast dispute process for construction payment disputes, run by a provincial body such as ODACC in Ontario. The adjudicator's decision is binding on an interim basis, which means it must be followed unless a court or arbitrator later decides otherwise.

Sources

Checked October 13, 2026.

• Ontario Construction Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. C.30
• Ontario Ministry of Transportation: Prompt Payment Administration Manual
• Ontario Bar Association: Key 2026 amendments (January 15, 2026)
• Osler: Ontario Construction Act amendments now in effect (March 2, 2026)
• Canadian Bar Association: Changes to the Ontario Construction Act
• Ontario Dispute Adjudication for Construction Contracts (ODACC)
• Government of Alberta: Prompt payment rules for the construction industry
• Government of Alberta: Extending prompt payment to the Public Works Act (May 15, 2025)
• Alberta Land Titles: Construction lien checklist
• Bennett Jones: Prompt payment legislation in Alberta
• McMillan: Alberta's Prompt Payment and Construction Lien Act (August 30, 2022)
• Saskatchewan: The Builders' Lien Act (consolidated)
• Saskatchewan: The Builders' Lien (Prompt Payment) Amendment Act, 2019
• Manitoba: The Builders' Liens Act, C.C.S.M. c. B91
• Manitoba Prompt Payment Adjudication Authority
• Federal Prompt Payment for Construction Work Act, S.C. 2019, c. 29, s. 387
• Order Designating Provinces Under Subsection 6(1) of the Federal Prompt Payment for Construction Work Act
• Government of British Columbia: Prompt payment legislation (updated August 20, 2026)
• McCarthy Tétrault: Québec adopts prompt payment regulation (September 8, 2025)
• Osler: Canadian prompt payment and construction law reforms (updated March 30, 2026)

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According to the Canadian Federation of Independent Business (CFIB), 2025 was a divided year for Canadian small business: while 37% of owners reported a good year in terms of revenues and profits, 35% reported a poor one. The smallest firms felt it most. Among businesses with fewer than five employees, only 35% described 2025 as a good year, compared to 42% of larger firms. Tariff pressures, high operating costs, and slowing business dynamism have left many owners caught in a difficult position.

For those who have turned to the bank for help, the options are often limited. The federal government's Canada Small Business Financing Program (CSBFP) issued just 6,409 loans totalling nearly $1.9 billion in 2024-25, a record in program history. But with approximately 1.2 million small businesses in Canada, the reach of traditional financing programs remains narrow. The average CSBFP loan size was $294,067, which is far more than what most small business owners need to solve a specific, immediate cash flow problem.

A Merchant Cash Advance (MCA) is one alternative worth understanding. It is not a bank loan. It is an advance on your future revenue, repaid as a percentage of daily sales, with a single fixed cost of capital disclosed upfront. There are no interest charges, no hidden fees, and no collateral requirements.

Some industries tend to benefit from this kind of flexible, short-term working capital more than others. Below are five industries which benefit from a merchant cash advance:

1. Restaurants and Food Service

Canada's foodservice sector added nearly 24,000 jobs between January and November 2025 according to Restaurants Canada, a sign that demand is holding up. Growth, however, requires capital, and restaurant revenue is inherently unpredictable. Equipment needs replacing without warning. A slow season can erode a cash position that looked healthy a few months earlier. Traditional lenders typically want two or more years of financial history and strong collateral before approving financing, which many independent restaurant owners cannot provide.

A merchant cash advance can provide working capital in the range of $5,000 to $300,000, with approval typically within one business day and funds deposited within 24 hours. Because repayments are tied to a percentage of daily sales, owners pay more when business is strong and less when it slows. This structure suits the seasonal and variable nature of restaurant revenue better than a fixed monthly payment.

One restaurant owner who used 2M7 funding for a kitchen equipment upgrade described the experience this way: "Highly recommend 2M7 if you are planning any big purchases. They helped us get funding for the new kitchen equipment and we continue to upgrade our facility."

2. Construction and Trades

Construction businesses routinely face a timing problem: materials, equipment, and labour costs arrive before client payments do. Payment terms of 30, 60, or even 90 days are common, which means contractors are often funding project costs out of their own cash flow while waiting for invoices to clear. Banks are generally reluctant to lend against this kind of irregular, project-based revenue, which leaves many contractors with limited options when they need capital quickly.

A merchant cash advance can help bridge the gap between project start and payment receipt, allowing contractors to cover immediate costs without waiting on a lengthy approval process or pledging personal assets.

Sean Morales, who needed funding for a demolition project, noted: "We need funds for a demolition project for our office. These guys got it done in less than 24 hrs."

More information on how working capital applies to the construction sector is available on 2M7's construction and trades funding page.

3. Retail and E-Commerce

Canadian e-commerce orders rose 20% in 2025 according to Omnisend, reflecting continued growth in both online and in-store retail. Sustaining that growth requires inventory investment well ahead of actual sales. Retailers need to order stock months before peak seasons, and suppliers often require payment before goods are delivered. A bank approval process that takes weeks is rarely compatible with those timelines.

Merchant cash advances allow retailers to access the capital they need for inventory, seasonal staffing, or store improvements without lengthy documentation requirements or the need to pledge collateral.

Morgan Lowe, a boutique retailer who used an MCA to expand her store, said: "I am a small business owner that just recently expanded and was struggling to find funding. 2M7 came through and has been wonderful to deal with."

For businesses where inventory is the core challenge, the impact can be ongoing. Visionary Hydroponics noted: "We are a small business and maintaining inventory can be a challenge. These types of [advances] help keep product on the shelf."

Details on how 2M7 works with retailers are available on the retail inventory and growth funding page.

4. Trucking and Transportation

BMO's Fall 2025 Canada Truck Transportation update describes the Canadian trucking industry as still in a fragile state, with trade barriers and tariff uncertainty continuing to weigh on domestic and cross-border freight volumes, rates, and fleet fundamentals. For owner-operators and small fleets, this means running lean while still needing to cover fuel, maintenance, and payroll between loads.

Traditional financing in this sector often requires an established credit history and years of documented revenue, which can be difficult to demonstrate during a period of industry-wide softness. A merchant cash advance offers a more accessible path to short-term working capital, with repayments that adjust alongside revenue rather than remaining fixed regardless of conditions.

More detail on how this applies to transportation businesses is available on 2M7's trucking funding page.

5. Landscaping and Seasonal Businesses

Seasonal businesses face a structural cash flow challenge that most financing products are not designed for. Revenue arrives in concentrated bursts, while costs related to insurance, equipment upkeep, and preparing for the next season continue year-round. A lender evaluating a landscaping company's winter financials will often see a picture that looks worse than the underlying business actually is.

The CFIB's December 2025 survey found that smaller firms are the most vulnerable to sudden cost pressures and disruptions. For seasonal operators, that kind of pressure is predictable and recurring rather than exceptional.

A merchant cash advance with flexible repayment can work with this pattern rather than against it. When revenue is strong in peak season, repayments reflect that. When it drops in the off-season, repayments decrease proportionally. Owners are not locked into a fixed payment schedule that ignores the realities of how their business operates.

Who Qualifies

Businesses interested in a merchant cash advance through 2M7 need to meet a straightforward set of criteria:

• The business is located in Canada
• The business has been operating for at least 3 months
• Monthly revenue is at least $15,000
• There are no open bankruptcies

No collateral is required. Approval decisions take into account overall revenue and business activity, not credit score alone.

How Repayment Works

2M7 offers two repayment structures. Fixed payments mean the same amount is debited on a regular schedule, with the option to request a reduction if revenue drops significantly. Flex payments are tied directly to a percentage of daily sales, so repayment amounts naturally rise and fall with business activity. The flex option is available to businesses that process daily credit and debit transactions.

Before signing, the total cost of capital is presented clearly. There are no origination fees, application fees, interest charges, brokerage fees, annual maintenance fees, or early repayment penalties. The cost disclosed upfront is the only cost.

Once a business is an existing client, requesting additional funding is straightforward. Clients can contact their dedicated representative directly by phone or text, and if approved, funds can be deposited within 30 minutes.

What Business Owners Have Said

"2M7 greatly guided us through the entire process of funding for our small business. We're extremely pleased with their clear explanations of what to expect and their steady commitment to helping us." -- Kotryna Zis

"Had the pleasure of dealing with 2M7 and Yakov, who helped our business get approved with funds in my account the next day. Greatly appreciate their help. Everything that we talked about was provided." -- Brady Douglas

"2M7 has been so wonderful to work with. Every employee I speak with is incredibly helpful and kind. I would never have been able to get back on my feet after COVID-19 if not for them." -- Jenny Watson

Is a Merchant Cash Advance Right for Your Business?

A merchant cash advance is not the right fit for every situation. It works best for businesses that have consistent revenue, need capital quickly, and want repayment terms that reflect how their business actually performs rather than a fixed schedule set by a lender.

Canada's government financing programs reached fewer than 6,500 businesses last year in a country with over a million small businesses. For many owners who fall outside the criteria those programs require, alternative working capital solutions are worth exploring.

If your business is based in Canada, has been operating for at least three months, and brings in at least $15,000 per month in revenue, you can check your eligibility with 2M7 without a lengthy application process.

Related reading: What is a Merchant Cash Advance? 2M7 vs. Other Merchant Cash Advance Options The Truth About Small Business Loans 5 Low-Cost Ways to Market Your Small Business in Canada

Sources: CFIB: A Divided Year, Small Business Performance in 2025 ISED: Canada Small Business Financing Program, Overview and Highlights 2024-25 Retail Insider / Restaurants Canada: Foodservice sector added nearly 24,000 jobs in 2025 BMO: Industry Update, Canada Truck Transportation, Fall 2025 Retail Insider / Omnisend: Canadian E-Commerce Orders Rose 20% in 2025

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A broken excavator, an aging truck, or an unexpected opportunity to take on a larger contract can create an immediate need for capital. The problem is that equipment rarely fails or becomes available on a lender’s schedule.

With Canada’s economy coming off two consecutive quarters of contraction, preserving working capital has become even more important for many contractors considering a major equipment purchase.

For Canadian contractors, the right financing option often depends on two factors: how quickly the money is needed and how much flexibility the business requires. A traditional equipment loan may be the best fit for a planned purchase. When the need is urgent, however, revenue-based funding may provide faster access to the capital needed to keep work moving.

Equipment Loans vs. Merchant Cash Advances: What Is the Difference?

Traditional equipment financing is usually tied to the equipment being purchased. The lender evaluates the asset, the business, and the borrower’s credit profile, and the equipment typically serves as collateral. Because of this, the application may involve appraisals, purchase documents, and a more detailed approval process.

That structure can work well when the purchase is planned and there is time to compare terms. It may be less practical when a machine has failed mid-project or a good piece of used equipment is available for only a few days.

A merchant cash advance, or MCA, is not tied to a specific asset. It provides working capital based largely on the business’s revenue and operating history. There is no equipment appraisal, and the funds can generally be used where the business needs them most; a repair, a replacement, a down payment, or another project expense.

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When Revenue-Based Funding May Be Useful

Revenue-based funding is generally most useful when timing matters more than obtaining the lowest possible financing cost. Common examples include:

• Emergency repairs: A key piece of equipment breaks down during a job, and every day of downtime affects labour, scheduling, and project costs.
• A time-sensitive used-equipment purchase: A suitable machine becomes available at a good price, but the seller will not wait through a lengthy approval process.
• Preparing for a larger contract: A contractor needs another vehicle or machine before the new project begins generating revenue.
• Replacing equipment during peak season: Waiting until the off-season is not realistic because current jobs depend on the equipment being available now.

In each case, the decision is not simply about comparing rates. It is also about the cost of delay: lost work, idle crews, rental expenses, missed deadlines, or a contract the business cannot accept.

How Repayment Can Fit a Construction Business

Construction revenue is rarely perfectly even. Weather, permit delays, seasonal slowdowns, and gaps between projects can all affect monthly sales.

With some revenue-based funding structures, remittances rise and fall with sales rather than remaining fixed every month. That can give a contractor more breathing room during a slower period. A traditional loan, by contrast, usually requires the same scheduled payment regardless of current revenue. Because of this rigid structure, it is crucial to compare your financing options carefully before signing anything.

Other Ways Canadian Contractors Finance Equipment

An MCA is only one option. Contractors may also use equipment loans, leases, lines of credit, or leasing and asset-based financing. Each serves a different purpose.

• Equipment loan: Often best for a planned purchase when the business can provide documentation and wait for approval.
• Lease: May suit a business that wants to preserve cash or replace equipment regularly.
• Line of credit: Can provide ongoing access to working capital, although approval standards may be stricter.
• Merchant cash advance: May be useful when funding is needed quickly and repayment flexibility is important.

What to Compare Before Choosing

Before committing to any type of equipment funding, compare the full economics and not only the speed of approval or the size of each payment. Look at:

• The total amount to be repaid
• How often payments or remittances are collected
• Whether the amount changes with revenue
• Any collateral or personal-guarantee requirements
• The expected approval and funding timeline
• Early-payoff terms
• The revenue the equipment is expected to generate or protect

The cheapest option on paper is not always the least expensive in practice. If waiting several weeks means losing a project, paying for rentals, or leaving a crew idle, speed has a measurable value. The key is to weigh that value against the total cost of the funding.

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FAQs

Does 2M7 finance the equipment itself?

No. 2M7 provides working capital based on the business’s revenue rather than financing secured against a specific asset. The funds can be used for repairs, replacement equipment, a down payment, or other business needs.

Can I qualify if my credit is not strong?

Approval is based primarily on the business’s revenue and operating history, rather than on personal credit alone.

How quickly can funding be received?

Most approved applications receive a decision within one business day, and funds may be deposited within 24 hours of approval.

Is there a penalty for paying off early?

No. Depending on the agreement, an early payoff may reduce the remaining balance rather than trigger a penalty.

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